Paper proposal: Global polarization of hyperons in Au+Au collisions from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan-II

PAs: Egor Alpatov, Zhenyu Chen, Tong Fu, Xingrui Gou, Qiang Hu, Grigory Nigmatkulov, Alexei Povarov, Hao Qiu, Subhash Singha, Qinghua Xu
 
Previous study: 
Lambda:
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/futong/Global-polarization-Lambda-AuAu-collisions-77GeV
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/xgou/Global-polarization-AuAu-collisions-92-115-145GeV
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/futong/Global-polarization-Lambda-AuAu-collisions-173-GeV-BES-II
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/meetings/STAR-Collaboration-Meeting-March-2024/FCV-parallel-session-II/Global-polarization-Lambda-hy

Xi:
Egor Alpatov:
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Global_Polarization_22_07_2020.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Meeting_05_08_2020_0.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/STAR_Meeting_17_09_Egor_0.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/FCV_Alpatov_30Sep.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Hyperon%20global%20polarization%202021_0.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Hyperon%20global%20polarization%202021_2.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/GlPol_14p6_FCV_dec.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Global%20%CE%9B%20and%20%CE%9E%20polarization.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Global%20%CE%9E%20polarization%202023.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Update%20on%20GlobPol%20fcv%2013%20March.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/alpatov/Proposal-and-Update-Global-Polarization-Xi
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/alpatov/kfparticle-and-helix
Paper proposal: Global polarization of Xi hyperons at sqrt(s_NN)=14.6, 19.6 and 27 GeV in Au+Au collisions:
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/alpatov/Paper-proposal-Global-polarization-Xi-hyperons-sqrtsNN146-196-and-27-GeV-AuAu-collisi-0
Xingrui Gou:
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/Merasutemnt%20Xi%20global%20polarization%20in%20AuAu%207.7%2C%209.2%2C%2011.5%2C%2014.5%2017.3GeV.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/20240620_Update%20Merasutemnt%20Xi%20global%20polarization%20in%20AuAu%207.7%2C%209.2%2C%2011.5%2C%2014.5%2017.3GeV_0.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/20240705_Update%20measurement%20Xi%20global%20polarization%20in%20AuAu%207.7%2C%209.2%2C%2011.5%2C%2014.5%2017.3GeV.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/xgou/Update-Xi-global-polarization-centrality-pt-and-y-dependence-and-Omega-polarization-AuAu-B
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/blog/xgou/Slides-Paper-Proposal-Xi-and-Omega-global-polarization-request-AuAu-collisions-BES-II
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/20240717_Update%20Measurement%20Xi%20global%20polarization%20in%20AuAu%207.7%2C%209.2%2C%2011.5%2C%2014.5%2017.3GeV.pdf
https://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/system/files/20240717_Measurement%20Omega%20global%20polarization%20in%20AuAu%207.7%2C%209.2%2C%2011.5%2C%2014.5%2017.3GeV_0.pdf

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Short paper

Title: Global polarization of Lambda, Xi and Omega hyperons in Au+Au collisions from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan-II

Target Journal: PRL 

Abstract:
  The observation of global polarization along the system’s angular momentum has revealed the existence of large vorticities in the medium created in heavy ion collisions. The weak decays of hyperons provide an opportunity to measure this phenomenon. A splitting between Λ and ഥ Λglobal polarization could originate from the strong magnetic field in the late stage of the collision evolution, different freeze-out parameters, etc. The global polarization of multistrange hyperons, such as Ξ and Ω, can provide new insights into the hydrodynamic description of the system and its vorticity structure. In this paper, we present the global polarization of Λ, Ξ, and Ω in Au+Au collisions from the high statistics RHIC Beam Energy Scan II data.
  High-precision values for Λ and Λ- global polarization are measured at sqrt{S_NN} = 7.7−27GeV. No splitting between Λ and Λ- global polarization is observed. For the first time, the energy dependence of Ξ and Ω hyperon global polarization is measured. Ξ and Ω hyperon global polarization increases with collision energy decrease. Hyperon global polarization parameter for Λ, Ξ, and Ω are compared to each other and the AMPT and UrQMD+vHLLE models.

Proposed figures
 
Figure 1:

Fig.1 : The midcentral (20-50%) P_H measurements reported in this work are shown in panel (a) alongside previous measurements and are consistent with the earlier results at the energies studied here. The difference between integrated P_Λ ̅  and P_Λ is displayed in panel (b) at √sNN = 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, and 17.3 GeV alongside previous measurements. No significant difference in global polarization between Λ and Λ ̅  was observed at these energy levels.

Figure 2:

Fig.2: Global polarization of Ξ^-+Ξ ̅^+ hyperons as a function of collision energies in Au+Au collisions at√(s_NN )= 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3, 19.6, 27 GeV.

Figure 3:

Fig.3 : Global polarization of Ω^-+Ω ̅^+ hyperons as a function of collision energies in Au+Au collisions at√(s_NN )= 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3, 19.6, 27 GeV.

Conclusions:
 
1. We report the first measurement of Ξ and Ω global polarization energy dependence at sqrt{S_NN} = 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3, 19.6, 27 GeV. Global polarization of Ξ and Ω hyperons decrease with collision energy.

2.  High-precision values for Λ and Λ- global polarization are measured at sqrt{S_NN} = 7.7−27GeV. P_H of Λ, Ξ, and Ω are consistent within uncertainties. 
3.  P_Λ- − P_Λ measured at sqrt{S_NN} = 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3 GeV with no significant difference between particles and antiparticles observed

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Long paper:

Title: Measurements of global polarization of Lambda, Xi and Omega hyperons in Au+Au collisions from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan-II

Target Journal: PRC 

Abstract:

The observation of global polarization along the system’s angular momentum has revealed the existence of large vorticities in the medium created by heavy-ion collisions. The global polarization of multi-strange hyperons can offer new insights into the hydrodynamic description of the system and its vorticity structure. In this paper, we present the global polarization of Λ and Ξ as a function of centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity in Au+Au collisions from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase II. We observe an indication of rapidity dependence in the global polarization of Λ at low collision energies. No significant dependence of Ξ on rapidity or transverse momentum was found. We also present the polarization of  Ω hyperons versus centrality. These results provide new insights into the polarization mechanism and vorticity fields in heavy-ion collisions, as well as additional constraints on the properties and dynamics of the matter created in the collisions.

Proposed figures
 
Figure 1:






Fig.1 : Global polarization (P_H) measurements are presented as a function of collision centrality at √sNN = 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, and 17.3 GeV. The statistical uncertainties are displayed as lines, while the systematic uncertainties are shown as open boxes.

Figure 2:


 
Fig.2 : Global polarization of Λ and Λ ̅ as a function of  p_T in Au+Au collisions from the RHIC BES-II,No dependence of P_H on p_T was observed at √sNN = 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, or 17.3 GeV, consistent with previous observations.

Figure 3:

Fig.3 : Global polarization of Λ and Λ ̅ as a function of y_Λ/y_beam in Au+Au collisions from the RHIC BES-II. An indication of rapidity dependence in global polarization was observed at lower collision energies

Figure 4:

Fig.4: Global polarization of Ξ^-+Ξ ̅^+ hyperons as a function of centrality in Au+Au collisions at√(s_NN )= 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3, 19.6, 27 GeV measured directly (blue marks) and via daughter global polarization (red marks). Open boxes and vertical lines show systematic and statistical uncertainties, respectively.


Figure 5:

Fig.5 : Global polarization of Ξ^-+Ξ ̅^+ hyperons as a function of pt in Au+Au collisions at√(s_NN )= 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3, 19.6, 27 GeV. 

Figure 6:



Fig.6: Global polarization of Ξ^-+Ξ ̅^+ hyperons as a function of y in Au+Au collisions at√(s_NN )= 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3, 19.6, 27 GeV.

Fig.7: Global polarization of Ξ^-+Ξ ̅^+ hyperons as a function of y in Au+Au collisions at√(s_NN )= 7.7, 9.2, 11.5, 14.6, 17.3, 19.6, 27 GeV.

Conclusions:
1. Global polarization of Lambda dependencies on centrality, transverse momentum and rapidity were measured, with no significant transverse momentum dependence observed but an indication of rapidity dependence detected at low collision energy.
2. Global polarization of Xi dependencies on centrality, transverse momentum and rapidity were measured, with no significant transverse momentum or rapidity dependence observed.